Ethics and Public Policy Method and Cases,9780131893436

Ethics and Public Policy Method and Cases

by ;
Edition: 1st
ISBN13: 9780131893436
ISBN10: 0131893432
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2006-07-25
Publisher(s): Pearson
List Price: $118.77

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Summary

This book presents three systematic methods for analyzing public policy issues: utilitarianism, deontology, and prudent pragmatism. It argues for the superiority of prudent pragmatism to the other two approaches. These are described in Part One, together with substantive American values which form the assumptons of ethical analysis. Part Two contains an historical discussion of six public policy areas and presents two detailed case studies in each area. Each case is analysed from the standpoint of utilitarian, deontological, and prudent pragmatic ethics, and an effort is made to show why prudent pragmatism produces the most satisfying results

Table of Contents

Preface ix
Acknowledgments x
PART ONE AMERICAN VALUES, ETHICAL ANALYSIS, AND DEMOCRATIC PROCESS
1(70)
Introduction
3(3)
Ethics and Policymaking
3(1)
Overview
4(1)
References
5(1)
American Political Culture: Core Values
6(16)
Five Value Clusters
6(12)
The Individual: The Politics of Interest
6(2)
The Individual: The Politics of Conscience
8(3)
The Community: Populism
11(3)
The Community: Associationism
14(1)
Putting It All Together: American Pragmatism
15(3)
Values and Generational Change
18(2)
References
20(2)
A Framework for Ethical Public Policy Analysis
22(17)
Utilitarianism
22(4)
Deontological Ethics (Kantianism)
26(1)
Prudent Pragmatism
27(8)
Some Case Illustrations
30(5)
Conclusion
35(2)
References
37(2)
Prudent Pragmatism and Consensus: Case Ethics in Monist and in Pluralist Society
39(10)
The Fusion of Religion and Politics in Monist Society
39(1)
Case Morality in Monist Society
40(1)
Casuistry in Medieval Europe
41(3)
The System of Medieval Casuistry
41(1)
The Decline of Casuistry
42(1)
From Casuistry to Theoretical Ethics
43(1)
Consensus in Pluralist Society
44(4)
Levels of Consensus
44(1)
Development of the Pluralist Ideal
45(1)
Limits on Pluralism
46(1)
The Question of Abortion: Irruption of Violence
46(1)
Hopes and Fears
47(1)
References
48(1)
Prudent Pragmatism and Democratic Polity: Citizen, Representative, and Policy Analyst
49(22)
Citizenship in a Democracy
49(12)
The Classical Liberal Model
49(1)
Prudent Pragmatism and Deliberative Democracy
50(1)
Obstacles to Deliberative Democratic Development
51(3)
The Restoration of Deliberative Democracy
54(6)
Conclusion: The Role of the Democratic Citizen
60(1)
Representation and Representatives
61(3)
Legislators
61(1)
Executives
62(2)
Policy Analysis in Deliberative Democracy
64(4)
Policy Analysis as Technical Expertise
64(1)
Policy Analysis as Value Clarification and Assessment
64(1)
Policy Analysis as Prudent Pragmatic Reasoning in Policymaking
65(1)
Ethicists as Policy Analysts
65(3)
Conclusion
68(1)
References
69(2)
PART TWO ISSUES AND CASES
71(161)
Introduction to Part Two
73(1)
National Healthcare Policy
74(30)
The U.S. Public Health System
74(8)
Historical Perspective
74(2)
Controlling Tobacco as a Hazardous Substance: Development of a Policy
76(6)
Case Study: New York's Response to Secondhand Smoke
82(7)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
87(2)
Paying for Individual Healthcare: The Insurance Dilemma
89(5)
Historical Development
89(2)
Philosophical Frameworks
91(2)
Continuing Efforts to Expand Healthcare Coverage
93(1)
Prescription Drugs and Medicare: A Case Study
94(8)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
100(2)
References
102(2)
Criminal Justice
104(26)
The Administration of Criminal Justice: A Historical Perspective
104(4)
The Nineteenth Century: Crime and Local Politics
104(1)
Professionalization and Nationalization of Law Enforcement
105(1)
Crime Control and Rights
106(2)
Racial Profiling and the War on Drugs: Search-and-Seizure Jurisprudence and Racial Profiling
108(5)
Racial Profiling in New Jersey: A Case Study
113(6)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
115(2)
The Fight Against Terrorism: An Addendum
117(2)
Combating Subversion: Crime Control or War
119(4)
The Lackawanna Six: A Case Study
123(5)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
125(1)
USA PATRIOT Act in Broader Perspective
126(2)
References
128(2)
Social Welfare Policy in the United States: Conflicting Principles of Distributive Justice
130(20)
The Welfare State in Europe and in America
131(5)
America's Response to Immigration: Illegals and Welfare
136(3)
Welfare and Illegal Aliens: The Case of California
139(4)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
142(1)
Healthcare for the Poor
143(2)
Medicaid and the Poor in Allegany County: A Case Study
145(3)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
147(1)
References
148(2)
Biotechnology and Humanity
150(23)
The Biotechnology Revolution
151(2)
Public Control of Scientific Research
153(1)
Stem Cell Research
153(2)
The Federal Regulation of Research
155(1)
The Bush Prohibition: A Case Study
155(9)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
159(2)
Therapeutic Cloning of Stem Cells
161(1)
Other Dilemmas
162(2)
Organ Transplantation and Organ Donation
164(4)
Enhancing the Organ Supply by Changing the Moral Culture: A Case Study
168(3)
Ethical Analysis of the Case: Communitarianism vs. Commodification
170(1)
References
171(2)
The Natural Environment and Human Well-Being
173(21)
Environmental Policy---A Major Concern
173(5)
Command and Control
176(1)
A More Flexible Approach
177(1)
Clean Air
178(2)
The Clear Skies Initiative: A Case Study
180(7)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
185(2)
The Harnessing of America's Rivers
187(1)
Problems and Contradictions in the Dam Complex: A Case Study
188(4)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
191(1)
References
192(2)
Ethical Defense
194(32)
America in the World: Leader or Hegemon?
194(3)
America at War
197(3)
Preemptive War
200(1)
The Decision to Invade Iraq: A Case Study
200(6)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
204(2)
Treatment of Enemy Prisoners in Wartime: Jus in Bello
206(9)
American Practice in the Treatment of Prisoners of War
207(1)
Treatment of Prisoners During the Second Iraq War
208(1)
A Philosophical Discussion
209(3)
The Problem of Accountability: Moral and Legal Responsibility
212(3)
Interrogations in Abu Ghraib Prison: A Case Study
215(8)
Ethical Analysis of the Case
220(3)
References
223(3)
Conclusion
226(6)
References
231(1)
Index 232

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