The Primordial Universe

by ; ; ;
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2001-03-01
Publisher(s): Springer Verlag
List Price: $299.57

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Summary

This book reviews the interconnection of cosmology and particle physics over the last decade. It provides introductory courses in supersymmetry, superstring and M-theory, responding to an increasing interest to evaluate the cosmological consequences of these theories. Based on a series of extended courses providing an introduction to the physics of the very early universe, in the light of the most recent advances in our understanding of the fundamental interactions, it reviews all the classical issues (inflation, primordial fluctuations, dark matter, baryogenesis), but also introduces the most recent ideas about what happened at the Big Bang, and before.

Table of Contents

Lecturers xi
Participants xiii
Preface xvii
Preface xxi
Contents xxv
The Universe at High Redshift
1(60)
S. Lilly
Introduction
5(3)
The formation of structure in the Universe
5(1)
Methodologies, opportunities and limitations
6(1)
Outline of the lectures
7(1)
The present-day Universe
8(8)
Galaxies
8(1)
Normal galaxies
8(2)
Galaxy scaling relations
10(1)
Low surface brightness galaxies
11(1)
Dwarf galaxies
12(1)
Active galactic nuclei
13(1)
Ultra-luminous galaxies
13(1)
The luminosity function and the luminosity density and extragalactic background light
13(2)
The baryon budget
15(1)
The theoretical framework. I: Cosmology
16(6)
The Robertson-Walker metric and the appearance of distant objects
16(1)
R(τ) and the solutions to the Friedmann equation
17(2)
Cosmological parameters and uncertainties
19(1)
The development of density fluctuations
19(1)
Linear growth
19(1)
Fluctuations in baryonic matter and radiation
20(1)
Modification of the primordial spectrum
20(2)
The theoretical framework. II: The non-linear regime
22(9)
Non-linear collapse
22(1)
Hierarchical clustering and dissipation models
22(3)
The Press-Schechter formalism
25(1)
Biassed galaxy formation
26(1)
Origin of angular momentum
26(1)
The Structure of dark matter haloes
27(1)
Feed-back processes
27(1)
Chemical evolution
28(2)
Galaxy spectral synthesis models
30(1)
Semi-analytic models
31(1)
The formation and evolution of galaxies: The local view
31(3)
Star formation in disk galaxies and starbursts
31(1)
Spheroids and the elliptical galaxies
32(1)
Ultra-luminous galaxies
33(1)
Evolution at cosmologically significant redshifts
34(9)
Redshifts z > 1
34(1)
Methodologies
34(1)
The evolving population of galaxies
34(1)
The early-type galaxy population
35(2)
The importance or otherwise of mergers
37(1)
The evolution of galaxies in rich clusters
37(1)
Inside the galaxies
38(1)
Redshifts z > 3
38(1)
Detection and identification
38(1)
Luminosity function and properties
39(2)
Clustering and biassing
41(1)
The nature of the Lyman-break population
42(1)
The observational ``gap'' at z = 2
42(1)
The luminosity density as f(z)
43(2)
The cosmic evolution of active galactic nuclei
45(1)
Luminous objects at high redshifts: The hidden Universe
45(2)
Neutral gas
47(2)
Re-ionization of the IGM
47(1)
High column density systems
48(1)
The Lyman α forest systems
49(1)
Global evolution of the netural Hydrogen content
49(1)
The first stars
49(3)
Summary
52(9)
Cosmological Parameters and Galaxy Formation
61(26)
J. Silk
Introduction
63(2)
Temperature
65(1)
Age
65(1)
Hubble's constant
65(1)
Baryon density parameter
66(1)
Matter density parameter
67(1)
Cosmological constant
68(1)
Spatial curvature
69(1)
Density fluctuations
70(4)
Ab initio galaxy formation
74(1)
Cold dark matter: Where we are today
75(2)
Resolving the CDM conundrum
77(1)
An empirical approach to disk star formation
78(3)
Testing models of galaxy formation
81(2)
Summary
83(4)
A Short Course on Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
87(16)
K. A. Olive
Introduction
89(1)
Theory
90(1)
Data
90(3)
Likelihood analyses
93(2)
More data
95(1)
More analysis
96(1)
Chemical evolution
96(1)
Constraints from BBN
97(6)
The Cosmic Microwave Background: From Detector Signals to Constraints on the Early Universe Physics
103(105)
F.R. Bouchet
J.-L. Puget
J.M. Lamarre
Introduction
107(1)
The Cosmic background
108(10)
Components of the cosmic background
108(4)
Formation of the CMB, recombination
112(1)
The CMB spectrum
112(6)
CMB anisotropies
118(11)
Primary anisotropies
118(1)
Fundamental physics and CMB anisotropies
118(1)
The components of the primary fluctuations
119(1)
Power spectrum of the fluctuations in an inflationary model
119(2)
The secondary CMB anisotropies
121(1)
Gravitational effects
122(3)
Effects of the reionisation
125(4)
Astrophysical foregrounds
129(25)
Physics of galactic foregrounds
129(1)
Dust emission
129(5)
Free-free emission
134(2)
Synchrotron emission
136(2)
Physics of the extragalactic sources foregrounds
138(1)
Infrared galaxies and radio sources
138(8)
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
146(3)
Putting it all together
149(1)
A simple sky model
149(3)
Detector noise ``backgrounds''
152(1)
Comparing contributions
153(1)
Observations of CMB anisotropies
154(22)
From raw data to the physics of the early Universe
154(2)
Observational requirements
156(3)
Reaching the ultimate sensitivity
159(3)
Present status of observations
162(1)
Future satellite observations: MAP, Planck
163(2)
Description of the Planck High-Frequency Instrument
165(1)
Instrument concept
165(2)
Sensitivity
167(2)
Focal plane optics
169(4)
Bolometric detectors
173(3)
Extraction of systematic effects and map making
176(14)
Maximum likelihood estimators
176(2)
Using noise properties
178(1)
Systematics
179(1)
Priors
179(1)
Map making
180(1)
``COBE'' map making
181(2)
Signal-to-noise (Wiener) filtering
183(1)
Using redundancies
184(2)
Low-frequency noise
186(1)
Simplest destriping
187(1)
Contributions from emission in the far side-lobes of the beam
187(3)
Maps analysis methods
190(17)
Methods of component separation
190(2)
Final map accuracy achievable
192(4)
Numerical simulations
196(1)
Simulations of the observations
197(1)
Analysing simulated observations
198(4)
Joining ends
202(1)
Power spectrum estimation
202(2)
Constraints on models
204(3)
Conclusions
207(1)
Appendix 208

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