Introduction |
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xix | |
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Evolution of Infrastructure Management: Modern Automation for the Sewer Systems |
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1 | (18) |
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The Hidden Resource: The Infrastructure |
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1 | (1) |
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What Makes an Infrastructure Unique? |
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2 | (1) |
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The Beginnings of the Role of Government in Management of Utilities |
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3 | (1) |
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Issues with Infrastructure Management by Government |
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4 | (1) |
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Infrastructure and the Water Utility |
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5 | (1) |
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The Need for More Information |
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6 | (2) |
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The Development of Sewer Infrastructure Management Concepts |
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8 | (2) |
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Theory and Practice of Infrastructure Management Concepts |
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10 | (5) |
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Merging the Factions for the Common Good |
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15 | (2) |
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The Initial Stages of Sewer Infrastructure Management |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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Basic Instrumentation and Fundamental Flow Measurement |
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19 | (49) |
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An Overview of Instrumentation |
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19 | (1) |
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Introduction to Infrastructure Instrumentation |
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20 | (6) |
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Infrastructure Instrumentation: The Hardware and Software |
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26 | (2) |
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The Measurement of Flow and Its Relation to Precipitation |
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28 | (1) |
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Rainfall Measurement: Rain Gauges |
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29 | (3) |
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Level Measurement: Pressure |
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32 | (5) |
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Level Measurement: Ultrasonic |
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37 | (5) |
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Level Measurement: Bubblers |
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42 | (1) |
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The Measurement of the Quantity of Flow |
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43 | (1) |
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Flow Measurement: Primary Elements |
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44 | (4) |
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Flow Measurement: Propeller Meters |
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48 | (1) |
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Flow Measurement: Point Velocity |
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49 | (2) |
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Flow Measurement: Transit Time |
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51 | (5) |
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Flow Measurement: Area Velocity Doppler |
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56 | (6) |
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Flow Measurement: Full-Pipe Primary Meters |
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62 | (2) |
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Velocity Measurement: Handheld Probes |
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64 | (1) |
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Water Quality Measurement: Reference Samplers |
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65 | (2) |
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67 | (1) |
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System Layout: Choosing the Points of Interest |
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68 | (16) |
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68 | (2) |
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Intuitive System Knowledge |
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70 | (1) |
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Obtaining Intuitive Information |
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71 | (2) |
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The Needs of the Utility Engineering Division |
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73 | (3) |
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The Needs of the Operations and Maintenance Units |
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76 | (2) |
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Content of a System Point of Interest |
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78 | (1) |
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System Point of Interest: A Site |
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79 | (1) |
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Bringing the System Together |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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82 | (2) |
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System Definition: Components of a Sewer Infrastructure |
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84 | (36) |
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Introduction and Methodology |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (3) |
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Velocity: An Attribute of Flow |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (4) |
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97 | (4) |
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101 | (6) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (2) |
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110 | (2) |
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112 | (2) |
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114 | (3) |
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117 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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Hydrology and Climatic Effects on Infrastructures and Systems |
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120 | (33) |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (2) |
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Understanding the Localized Hydrologic Cycle |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (2) |
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Recording Weather Events: Locating Rain Gauges |
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126 | (5) |
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131 | (2) |
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Groundwater Considerations |
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133 | (3) |
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The Watershed and the Localized Hydrologic Cycle |
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136 | (1) |
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Temperature Effects on the Watershed |
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137 | (2) |
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139 | (1) |
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Point and Non-point Pollutant Loading Sources |
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140 | (3) |
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143 | (2) |
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Industrial Discharges in Watershed Areas |
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145 | (4) |
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Upstream and Downstream Considerations |
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149 | (2) |
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151 | (2) |
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Installation and Functions of the Monitoring System |
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153 | (69) |
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153 | (1) |
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Development of an Analysis Matrix: Needs Assessment |
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154 | (7) |
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161 | (3) |
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Understanding the Grit Base |
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164 | (3) |
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Lightning and Its Mitigation |
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167 | (1) |
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Safety Issues with Confined Space |
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168 | (2) |
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Temporary Monitoring Techniques: Sequencing |
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170 | (1) |
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Temporary Monitoring Techniques: Level Sequencing |
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171 | (3) |
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Installing the Temporary Level Monitors |
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174 | (5) |
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Temporary Monitoring Techniques: Flow Sequencing |
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179 | (2) |
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Installing the Temporary Flow Monitors |
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181 | (9) |
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190 | (1) |
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Batteries and Solar Cells |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (2) |
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194 | (2) |
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Permanent Monitoring Systems: Overview |
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196 | (1) |
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Evaluation for Permanent Installations |
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196 | (4) |
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Partial Permanent Monitoring System |
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200 | (4) |
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Full Permanent Monitoring System |
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204 | (1) |
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205 | (2) |
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207 | (3) |
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Data Communications: Overview |
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210 | (1) |
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Data Communications: Tone Phone Lines |
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211 | (3) |
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Data Communications: Cellular Communications |
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214 | (2) |
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Data Communications: Radio Frequency (RF) |
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216 | (2) |
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218 | (2) |
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220 | (2) |
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Equipment and Service Selection |
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222 | (43) |
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222 | (3) |
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An Overview of Technology Evaluation |
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225 | (2) |
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Evaluation of Technologies: Second-Tier Considerations |
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227 | (2) |
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Technology Consideration: Full-Service Providers |
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229 | (2) |
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Technology Consideration: Manufacturers and Teaming Partners |
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231 | (2) |
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Technology Consideration: Aftermarket Service Providers |
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233 | (2) |
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Technology Consideration: Equipment Manufacturers: Targeted |
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235 | (1) |
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Technology Consideration: Equipment Manufacturers: General Products |
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235 | (1) |
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Compiling Results of the Consideration Process |
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236 | (1) |
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Practical Evaluation of Technology: Study and Vendor Feedback |
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237 | (4) |
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Practical Evaluation of Technology: Demonstration Programs |
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241 | (2) |
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Practical Evaluation of Technology: Demonstration Programs Technique |
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243 | (7) |
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Practical Evaluation of Technology: Site Verification |
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250 | (4) |
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Practical Evaluation of Technology: Cost to Purchase/Cost to Own |
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254 | (9) |
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263 | (2) |
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Use and Application of the Data |
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265 | (39) |
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265 | (1) |
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Time Slices and Recorded Intervals |
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266 | (3) |
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Memory and Memory Allocation |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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271 | (1) |
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Trending and Trend Identification |
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272 | (2) |
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Pattern Identification for Hydraulic Response |
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274 | (3) |
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Pattern Identification for Sewer Maintenance |
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277 | (4) |
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Electronic Equipment Diagnosis |
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281 | (3) |
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284 | (1) |
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284 | (2) |
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286 | (2) |
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288 | (1) |
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Storm Variations and Spatial Relationships |
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289 | (2) |
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Alignment with the Sewage Treatment Works |
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291 | (1) |
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Tracing Illegal Discharges |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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Assisting the Legal Department: Defending the Public Interest |
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294 | (1) |
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Computer Model Simulation |
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295 | (2) |
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Tide Modeling: Data Applications Example |
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297 | (2) |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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Maintenance Tracking and Predictive Maintenance |
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301 | (1) |
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302 | (2) |
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Enhancements to the Sewer Infrastructure Monitoring System |
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304 | (34) |
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304 | (2) |
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Biomonitoring: Theory and Concepts |
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306 | (1) |
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Biomonitoring: Direct Parameter Measurement and Sampling |
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307 | (4) |
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Parameters in Biomonitoring |
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311 | (4) |
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Practical Applications of Biomonitoring |
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315 | (1) |
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Alert and Alarm Algorithms |
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316 | (6) |
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322 | (9) |
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331 | (3) |
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334 | (4) |
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Funding and Justification of Sewer Infrastructure Management Systems |
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338 | (33) |
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338 | (3) |
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The Initial Concepts: Overview |
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341 | (1) |
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The Initial Concepts: Reasons for the Program |
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341 | (2) |
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The Initial Concepts: Funding the Program |
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343 | (2) |
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The Initial Concepts: The Expected Benefits |
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345 | (2) |
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Privatization: The Overview |
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347 | (1) |
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Privatization: Classifications |
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348 | (2) |
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Privatization: Operations |
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350 | (2) |
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Privatization: The Future |
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352 | (1) |
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The Case for Custody Transfer: Overview |
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353 | (2) |
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The Case for Custody Transfer: The Mechanics |
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355 | (5) |
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The Case for Custody Transfer: Estimation |
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360 | (2) |
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Direct Revenue Generation: Funded Use of the Service |
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362 | (1) |
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Indirect Revenue Generation: Legal Liability Support |
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363 | (2) |
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Indirect Revenue Generation: Protection and Support |
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365 | (2) |
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Justification of Targets and Goals: Performance Measures |
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367 | (2) |
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369 | (2) |
Bibliography |
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371 | (2) |
Index |
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373 | |